Gumball

Toolbar Menu Status bar

Gumball

Organic

Not on menus.

Gumball

Gumball 指令在物件上显示可以对物件做移动、缩放、旋转的操作轴。

步骤

  • Click the Gumball pane in the status bar to toggle visibility the Gumball transform widget.

指令行选项

On / Off / Toggle

Turns the Gumball widget on or off for the selected object, or toggles between on and off.

Gumball widget

The Gumball widget consists of many control handles for different transform actions.

To show tooltip for handle actions

  • Point the mouse cursor to a handle to show the tooltip for actions and modifier keys.

    • The actions and modifier keys can vary based on the selected object type.

    • The tooltips can be turned on or off from the Cursor ToolTips options.

To hide handles

  1. Run the GumballSettings command.
  2. Select the Handles option.
  3. Turn off the handles you would like to hide on the Gumball widget.

Plane handle actions

Move planar
Extrude - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to constrain extruding direction on the plane.

Copy - Tap Alt (⌥ on Mac)

  • While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to make a copy of the object.

    • Tap Alt (⌥) again to leave copy mode.

Scale2D - Shift (⇧ on Mac)

  • Drag with Shift (⇧) to re-size the object in two axes with the same scale.

    • The Gumball origin is the base point of scaling.

  • Shift (⇧) + click on the plane handle to type a scale factor.

Move gumball planar - Double click

  1. Double-click on a plane handle to relocate Gumball on the plane.

  2. Move the mouse and click, or type a distance and press Enter.

Extrude handle actions

Extrude

  • Drag an Extrude handle to extrude the object along the arrow axis.

    • A closed planar curve or a surface can be extruded as a solid.

    • An inner edge loop of a surface can be extruded as a separate solid.

    • A planar closed loop consisting of separate curves can be extruded as a solid.

    • 可以启用距离约束。

    • Extrude does not allow creating Non-manifold SubD or mesh objects.

    • SubD-friendly curves will be extruded into SubD objects.

Open extrude - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to force extruding a closed planar curve or a surface as an open object.

Both sides - Shift (⇧ on Mac)

  • Drag with Shift (⇧) to extrude towards both sides.

    • The Both sides mode is only available in some circumstances. For example, when a surface or a curve is selected.
Extend Face - Shift (⇧ on Mac)

  • Drag with Shift (⇧) to extend or shorten the faces surrounding the selected face.

    • The Extend mode is only available when all the surrounding faces are planar.
    • When the Extend mode is possible for the selected face, the Extrude handle shows a circle around the dot.

延伸
Extrude

The PushPull command provides the similar editing abilities of the Extrude / Extend handle.

Copy - Tap Alt (⌥ on Mac)

  • While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to create a separate object.

    • Tap Alt (⌥) again to leave copy mode.

  • Alt (⌥) + click on an Extrude handle to create a separate object with numeric input.

Numeric entry - Click

  • Click on the Extrude handle to type the extruding distance.

Origin point actions

Arrow handle actions

移动

  • Drag the x, y, or z arrow to move the objects in the arrow direction.

Extrude - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to make closed extrude.

    • This key combination acts like the Extrude handle.

Copy - Tap Alt (⌥ on Mac)

  • While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to create a copy of the object.

    • Tap Alt (⌥) again to leave copy mode.

  • Alt (⌥) + click on an arrow handle to copy with numeric input.

Numeric entry - Click

  • Click on the arrow handle to type the moving distance.

    • While typing the distance, pressing Shift (⇧)+/Enter/Space/Tab moves the object in the opposite direction.

Move Gumball
  1. Double-click on an arrow to relocate Gumball along the direction.
  2. Move the mouse and click, or type a distance and press Enter.

Menu ball (Bunny tail) actions

Click

  • Click on the circle to show the Gumball menu.

    • The same menu can be accessed from the Gumball pane on the status bar.

    • The alternative way of showing the Gumball menu:

      在任意操作轴小部件上右键单击并不要松开鼠标，当页面图标出现，释放鼠标右键。
      在选项 > 鼠标页面中的鼠标右键设置可以控制页面图标的显示时间以及操作轴菜单的访问。

    • Change the size in Gumball options. Set 0 to turn it off.

Gumball menu

Relocate Gumball

Drag to relocate gumball widget away from its default position.

Reset Gumball

Restores the default placement and orientation for the gumball.

AutoReset Gumball

When an object is rotated, resets Gumball to align with CPlane or World axes based on the initial alignment.

Gumball On

Turns the gumball widget on any time objects are selected.

Gumball Off

Disables auto gumball.

Align to CPlane

Gumball widgets align to the construction plane xyz directions. The Gumball origin will be at the CPlane oriented bounding box center of the object.

Align to Object

Gumball widgets align to the object.

The default alignment is different for different object types.

Align to World

Gumball widgets align to world xyz directions. The Gumball origin will be at the World oriented bounding box center of the object.

Align to View

Gumball widgets align to the view plane of the current viewport.

Snappy Dragging

Object snaps are used when dragging.

Smooth Dragging

Object snaps are ignored when dragging.

Merge faces after extrude

Merges the coplanar faces related to the extruding operation when possible.

Rotate View Around Gumball

When the Gumball widget is visible, rotate the view around the Gumball origin. Otherwise, rotate the view around the center.

Drag Strength

Sets the amount of the gumball drag as a percentage of mouse movement to control the speed of the gumball movement. The default 100% moves the gumball consistently with the mouse.

To fine-tune placing objects (such as with control point editing) set the strength lower, so large hand/mouse movements result in smaller gumball changes. When the control is closed, drag strength is reset to 100%.

Settings...

Opens Gumball options.

Arc handle actions

旋转
  • Drag the x, y, or z arc to rotate the object around the axis.
Extrude - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to make a straight loft between the start and end angles.

Copy - Tap Alt (⌥ on Mac)

  • While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to create a rotated copy of the object.

    • Tap Alt (⌥) again to leave copy mode.

  • Alt (⌥) + click on an arc handle to copy with numeric input.

Numeric entry - Click

  • Click on an arc handle to type the rotation angle.

Rotate gumball - Double click

  1. Double-click on an arc to turn the Gumball widget around the axis.

  2. Move the mouse and click, or type an angle and press Enter.

Scale handle actions

Scale1D

  • Drag a scale handle to scale in one dimension along the arrow.

    • The Gumball origin is the base point of scaling.

    • 可以启用距离约束。

    • When Object Snap is on, dragging a scale handle near the Gumball origin will snap to it. The object will be made flat in the scaling direction.

Extrude - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to extrude inwards or outwards.

Scale3D - Shift (⇧ on Mac)

  • Drag with Shift (⇧) to scale the object in three dimensions.

Copy - Tap Alt (⌥ on Mac)

  • While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to create a scaled copy of the object.

    • Tap Alt (⌥) again to leave copy mode.

  • Alt (⌥) + click on a scale handle to copy with numeric input.

Numeric entry - Click

  • Click on a scale handle to type a scale factor.

Move handles - Double click

  1. Double-clink on a scale handle to change its length.

  2. Move the mouse and click, or type a scale factor and press Enter.

Cut handle actions

剪切

  • Drag a cut handle to extrude a closed planar curve to cut the intersected object, similar to the BooleanDifference command.

    • If the cutting curve is an open curve that can cut across the intersected object, both sides of the object will be kept, similar to the BooleanSplit command.

    • The cut handle only appears on the axis vertical to the curve plane. (Left)

Boss - Ctrl (⌘ on Mac)

  • Drag with Ctrl (⌘) to add the extrusion to the intersected object, similar to the BooleanUnion command.

Both sides - Shift (⇧ on Mac)
  • Drag with Shift (⇧) to extrude the curve towards both directions.
Numeric entry - Click

  • Click on a cut handle to type an extrusion distance.

Common operations

Some operations work the same way on different Gumball handles.

Numeric input

  1. Click on any handle.

  2. Type a number for distance, rotation angle, or scale factor.

Copy object

  1. Drag any handle.

  2. While dragging, tap Alt (⌥) to toggle copy mode on.

    Tap Alt (⌥) again to toggle copy mode off.

Copy object with numeric input

  1. Alt (⌥) + click on any handle.

  2. Type a number for distance, rotation angle, or scale factor.

使用距离与角度限制

Rhino 的距离与角度限制可与操作轴配合使用。

  1. While dragging a handle, type a number, and press Enter.

  2. Continue dragging the handle.

    在箭头的方向限制移动的距离。
    角度限制是以输入的角度做为缩定间隔，可以锁定数个方向。

Change Gumball widget location and orientation

To move, rotate, or scale Gumball widget freely

  1. Double-click on a handle.
  2. Drag the handle and release.

To move rotate, or scale Gumball widget with numeric input

  1. Ctrl (⌘) + Double-click on a handle.

  2. Type a number in the value box for distance, rotation angle, or scale factor.

相关指令

GumballSettings

Toolbar

Menu

Not on toolbars.

The GumballSettings command changes Gumball appearances from Command-line options.

指令行选项

AutoGumball

Turns on the Gumball widget for the selected object.

SnappyGumball

Uses object snaps when dragging one of the Gumball handles.

颜色

Sets the colors of the Gumball handles in X, Y, and Z directions.

Handles

Changes the visibility of Gumball components.

MoveHandle

The arrows including the cutting line and extrude dot.

RotateHandle

The arcs around the X, Y, and Z axes.

ScaleHandle

The small rectangles and the dotted lines connecting to the Gumball origin.

PlaneHandle

The window icons on the XY, YZ, and XZ planes.

ExtrudeHandle

The dot on the Z arrow shaft.

CutHandle

The short line on the Z arrow shaft.

MenuHandle

The small circle and the dotted line connecting to the Gumball origin.

Sizes

Sets the size of the Gumball widget and handles in pixels.

  • Set 0 for a handle to turn it off.
半径

The size of the arcs and arrows.

TipLength

The length of the arrow heads.

TipWidth

The width of the arrow heads.

TailSize

The size of the small rectangles.

PlaneLocation

The distance between a window icon and the Gumball origin.

PlaneSize

The size of the window icons.

PlaneVisibilityAngle

The angle of view for a window icon to be visible. Details...

AxisThickness

The thickness of the arrow shafts.

ArcThickness

The thickness of the arcs.

MenuBallDistance

The distance between the Gumball origin and the menu circle.

MenuBallSize

The radius of the menu circle.

ExtrudeBallSize

The size of the extrude dots.

It also controls the size of the cut handle.

RotateViewAroundAutoGumball

When the Gumball widget is visible, rotate the view around the Gumball origin. Otherwise, rotate the view around the center.

MergeFacesAfterExtrude

Merges the coplanar faces related to the extruding operation when possible.

GumballAlignment

Toolbar Menu Status bar Gumball widget menu

CPlane

Object

World

Gumball

Not on menus.

Gumball

<Options>

Align to CPlane

Align to Object

Align to World

Align to View

GumballAlignment 指令设定操作轴的对齐方式。

附注

  • 如果之前修改了操作轴的位置或方向，对齐将不更改。
  • 右键点击操作轴并在操作轴快显功能表中选取重置强制对齐到物件。
  • 对齐是以物件的边框方框为基准的
指令行选项

工作平面

将操作轴与目前的工作平面对齐。

物件

设置操作轴部件与选取的物件对齐。除非物件是帧平面，否则与物件对齐的操作轴将放置在平面中心。

世界

将操作轴与世界坐标轴对齐。
视图

将操作轴小部件对齐方式设置为当前工作视窗的视图平面。

GumballDynamicRelocate

Toolbar

Menu

Not on toolbars.

The GumballDynamicRelocate command allows relocating Gumball by dragging one of its controls.

步骤

  • Drag one of the Gumball controls. Press Enter when done.

    Snapping Dragging is always enabled when relocating Gumball.

    The GumballDynamicRelocate command can be run by double-clicking on a gumball control.

请参考

GumballRelocate

Changes the Gumball widget location and orientation of on an object.

GumballScaleMode

Toolbar Menu

Not on toolbars.

Not on menus.

GumballScaleMode 指令可以基于操作轴半径或物件大小来设置缩放操作杆的大小。此指令不会影响移动操作杆(箭头)和旋转操作杆(圆弧)。

指令行选项

模式
相对

The length of scale handles is the product of Gumball radius (in pixels) multiplied by the value of RelativeHandlePositionMultiplier. Since the length is based on pixels, zooming the view does not change the handle length on the screen.

操作轴半径=x 乘以控制杆相对位置系数=1.25
绝对

The length of scale handles is based on model units. The handles extend to the object's bounding box boundary and scale with the object.

Numerical inputs

Click on a scale handle and enter a number to scale the object in one direction.

  • 10 scales the object by 10.

  • -10 scales the object by 10 and flips the object.

    Negative number inputs will flip (mirror) the object.

For the absolute mode only, the number supports units.

  • 10mm scales the object to 10 mm.

  • +10mm or -10mm grows or shrinks the object 10 mm.

To toggle the mode with a macro

  • Use _GumballScaleMode _Mode _Enter

控制杆相对位置系数

Only used by the Relative mode. It specifies the size of the scale handles relative to the Gumball radius setting. Numbers larger than 1 make the gumball scale handles longer than the Gumball radius. Numbers between 0 and 1 make the gumball scale handles shorter than the Gumball radius.

GumballRelocate

Toolbar Menu Gumball widget menu

Gumball

Not on menus.

Relocate Gumball

GumballRelocate 指令移动操作轴原点并重新定位方向。

The other way to move Gumball is to press and hold Ctrl (⌘) and drag the Gumball widget rather than the object.

步骤

  1. 为操作轴原点指定一个位置。

    Continue with step 2, or press Enter to align Gumball to World, CPlane, or View axes based on the current Gumball alignment mode. When Gumball aligns to object, the current orientation is used.

  2. Pick a point to set the x-axis direction.

  3. Pick another point to set the y-axis direction.

    The z-axis direction is set according to the Right-hand rule.

指令行选项

设置缩放操作杆

设置缩放操作杆的 x、y 和 z 轴的长度。

GumballReset

Toolbar Menu Gumball widget menu

Not on toolbars.

Not on menus.

Reset Gumball

GumballReset 指令可以将经过 GumballRelocate 指令重新定位的操作轴迅速恢复到其原始位置。

GumballAutoReset

Toolbar

Menu

Status bar

Gumball

Not on menus.

Gumball

AutoReset Gumball

GumballAutoReset 指令可以在每次执行变动操作后迅速将操作轴恢复到其起始位置。

通过此设置可以总是用最初的操作轴位置自由旋转物件。

指令行选项

On / Off / Toggle

Turn on, off, or toggle auto reset of Gumball orientation.

 

请参考

Move objects

Transform objects

操作轴简介

操作轴进阶